{"id":2840,"date":"2019-10-08T15:21:53","date_gmt":"2019-10-08T15:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/?p=2840"},"modified":"2019-10-08T15:21:53","modified_gmt":"2019-10-08T15:21:53","slug":"secure-nginx-dengan-lets-encrypt-di-debian-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/tutorial\/secure-nginx-dengan-lets-encrypt-di-debian-9\/","title":{"rendered":"Secure Nginx dengan Let’s Encrypt di Debian 9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Let\u2019s Encrypt adalah otoritas sertifikat gratis dan terbuka yang dikembangkan oleh Internet Security Research Group (ISRG). Sertifikat yang dikeluarkan oleh Let’s Encrypt dipercaya oleh hampir semua browser .<\/p>\n

Dalam tutorial ini, kami akan menjelaskan cara menggunakan alat Certbot untuk mendapatkan sertifikat SSL gratis untuk Nginx pada Debian 9. Kami juga akan menunjukkan cara mengkonfigurasi Nginx untuk menggunakan sertifikat SSL dan mengaktifkan HTTP \/ 2.<\/p>\n

Install Certbot<\/strong><\/p>\n

Certbot adalah alat berfitur lengkap dan mudah digunakan yang dapat mengotomatiskan tugas untuk mendapatkan dan memperbarui Mari Enkripsi sertifikat SSL dan konfigurasi server web untuk menggunakan sertifikat. Paket certbot termasuk dalam repositori Ubuntu default.<\/p>\n

Update daftar paket dan instal paket certbot:<\/p>\n

$ sudo apt update\r\n$ sudo apt install certbot<\/pre>\n
Pertukaran kunci Diffie \u2013 Hellman (DH) adalah metode pertukaran kunci kriptografi yang aman melalui saluran komunikasi yang tidak aman. Kami akan menghasilkan set parameter DH 2048 bit baru untuk memperkuat keamanan:<\/p>\n
$ sudo openssl dhparam -out \/etc\/ssl\/certs\/dhparam.pem 2048<\/pre>\n
Untuk memperoleh sertifikat SSL untuk domain kami, kami akan menggunakan plugin Webroot yang berfungsi dengan membuat file sementara untuk memvalidasi domain yang diminta dalam direktori ${webroot-path}\/.well-known\/acme-challenge<\/em><\/strong> . Server Let\u2019s Encrypt membuat permintaan HTTP ke file sementara untuk memvalidasi bahwa domain yang diminta menyelesaikan ke server tempat certbot berjalan. Kami akan memetakan semua permintaan HTTP untuk .well-known\/acme-challenge<\/em><\/strong> ke satu direktori, \/ var \/ lib \/ letsencrypt <\/em><\/strong>.
\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n
Perintah berikut akan membuat direktori dan membuatnya dapat ditulis untuk server Nginx.<\/p>\n
$ mkdir -p \/var\/lib\/letsencrypt\/.well-known\r\n$ chgrp www-data \/var\/lib\/letsencrypt\r\n$ chmod g+s \/var\/lib\/letsencrypt<\/pre>\n
Untuk menghindari duplikasi kode, buat dua snippet berikut yang akan disertakan dalam semua file blok server Nginx kami. Buka editor teks Anda dan buat cuplikan pertama, letsencrypt.conf <\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>\n
$ sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/snippets\/letsencrypt.conf<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
Buat snippet ssl.conf<\/strong><\/em> kedua yang mencakup chipper yang direkomendasikan oleh Mozilla, memungkinkan OCSP Stapling, HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS), dan memberlakukan beberapa header HTTP yang berfokus pada keamanan.<\/p>\n
$ sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/snippets\/ssl.conf<\/pre>\n
Ubah Seperti Contoh Dibawah ini<\/p>\n
ssl_dhparam \/etc\/ssl\/certs\/dhparam.pem;\r\n\r\nssl_session_timeout 1d;\r\nssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;\r\nssl_session_tickets off;\r\n\r\nssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;\r\nssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!DSS';\r\nssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;\r\n\r\nssl_stapling on;\r\nssl_stapling_verify on;\r\nresolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s;\r\nresolver_timeout 30s;\r\n\r\nadd_header Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=15768000; includeSubdomains; preload\";\r\nadd_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;\r\nadd_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;<\/pre>\n
Setelah selesai, buka file blok server domain dan sertakan snippet letsencrypt.conf<\/em><\/strong> seperti yang ditunjukkan di bawah ini:<\/p>\n
$ sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/example.com<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
Aktifkan blok server baru dengan membuat simbol ke direktori sites-enabled<\/em><\/strong> :<\/p>\n
$ sudo ln -s \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/example.com \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/<\/pre>\n
Restart layanan Nginx agar perubahan diterapkan:<\/p>\n
$ sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/pre>\n
Anda sekarang dapat menjalankan Certbot dengan plugin webroot dan mendapatkan file sertifikat SSL dengan menjalankan perintah:<\/p>\n
$ sudo certbot certonly --agree-tos --email admin@example.com --webroot -w \/var\/lib\/letsencrypt\/ -d example.com -d www.example.com<\/pre>\n
Jika sertifikat SSL diaktifkan berhasil diperoleh, pesan berikut akan dicetak pada terminal Anda:<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
Selanjutnya, edit blok server domain sebagai berikut:<\/p>\n
$ sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/example.com<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
Dengan konfigurasi di atas kami memaksa HTTPS dan mengalihkan dari versi www ke versi non-www. Restart layanan Nginx agar perubahan diterapkan :<\/p>\n
$ sudo systemctl reload nginx<\/pre>\n
Karena kita menggunakan plug-in webroot certbot setelah sertifikat diperbarui, kita juga harus memuat ulang layanan nginx. Tambahkan –renew-hook<\/em><\/strong> “systemctl reload nginx<\/em><\/strong>” ke file \/etc\/cron.d\/certbot<\/em><\/strong> sehingga terlihat seperti ini:<\/p>\n
$ sudo nano \/etc\/cron.d\/certbot<\/pre>\n
0 *\/12 * * * root test -x \/usr\/bin\/certbot -a \\! -d \/run\/systemd\/system && perl -e 'sleep int(rand(3600))' && certbot -q renew --renew-hook \"systemctl reload nginx\"<\/pre>\n
Uji proses pembaruan otomatis, dengan menjalankan perintah ini:<\/p>\n
$ sudo certbot renew --dry-run<\/pre>\n
Jika tidak ada kesalahan, itu berarti proses pembaruan berhasil.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Let\u2019s Encrypt adalah otoritas sertifikat gratis dan terbuka yang dikembangkan oleh Internet Security Research Group (ISRG). Sertifikat yang dikeluarkan oleh Let’s Encrypt dipercaya oleh hampir semua browser . Dalam tutorial ini, kami akan menjelaskan cara menggunakan alat Certbot untuk mendapatkan sertifikat SSL gratis untuk Nginx pada Debian 9. Kami juga akan menunjukkan cara mengkonfigurasi Nginx […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":2841,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutorial"],"yoast_head":"\nSecure Nginx dengan Let's Encrypt di Debian 9 - Hostnic.id<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/tutorial\/secure-nginx-dengan-lets-encrypt-di-debian-9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Secure Nginx dengan Let's Encrypt di Debian 9 - Hostnic.id\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Let\u2019s Encrypt adalah otoritas sertifikat gratis dan terbuka yang dikembangkan oleh Internet Security Research Group (ISRG). 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Jika kamu menggunakan VPS (Virtual Private Server) sebagai platform hosting website kamu,\u2026","rel":"","context":"dalam "Teknologi"","block_context":{"text":"Teknologi","link":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/.\/teknologi\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Cara Install Let'S Encrypt Di VPS","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ILV.png?fit=557%2C277&ssl=1%3Fv%3D1690211093&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ILV.png?fit=557%2C277&ssl=1%3Fv%3D1690211093&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ILV.png?fit=557%2C277&ssl=1%3Fv%3D1690211093&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5932,"url":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/teknologi\/berikut-cara-perpanjang-ssl-lets-encrypt\/","url_meta":{"origin":2840,"position":1},"title":"Berikut Cara Perpanjang SSL Let’S Encrypt","author":"Monic","date":"2023-07-24","format":false,"excerpt":"Hostnic.id - Setelah mendapatkan SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) dari Let's Encrypt, kamu harus memperpanjang SSL tersebut secara berkala agar tetap aktif. Let's Encrypt memberikan masa aktif SSL selama 90 hari, sehingga kamu harus memperbarui SSL setiap 90 hari agar tetap berfungsi. 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Dengan menggunakan SSL, informasi yang dikirimkan antara server dan browser akan terenkripsi dan tidak dapat diakses oleh pihak yang tidak berwenang. 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Sebab, Google lebih memercayai website yang sudah diamankan menggunakan SSL sehingga website lebih mudah meraih peringkat tinggi di mesin pencari. Let\u2019s Encrypt SSL menawarkan sertifikat SSL dengan metode Domain Validated, yaitu yang bisa melakukan request\u2026","rel":"","context":"dalam "Teknologi"","block_context":{"text":"Teknologi","link":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/.\/teknologi\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/lets.png?fit=424%2C427&ssl=1%3Fv%3D1598539548&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":5935,"url":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/tutorial\/cpanel\/tutorial-lengkap-cara-install-lets-encrypt-di-cpanel\/","url_meta":{"origin":2840,"position":4},"title":"Tutorial Lengkap Cara Install Let’S Encrypt Di CPanel","author":"Monic","date":"2023-07-24","format":false,"excerpt":"Hostnic.id - Let's Encrypt adalah layanan sertifikat SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) gratis yang dapat digunakan untuk mengamankan website atau aplikasi web. Dengan menggunakan Let's Encrypt, kamu dapat memastikan bahwa informasi yang dikirimkan antara server dan browser pengguna terenkripsi dan aman. 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Selamat datang di artikel ini yang membahas tentang solusi hemat untuk keamanan situs web, yaitu sertifikat SSL gratis. Sertifikat SSL adalah salah satu cara yang efektif untuk melindungi informasi sensitif yang dikirim antara pengguna dan situs web. Dengan adanya sertifikat SSL gratis, Kamu dapat\u2026","rel":"","context":"dalam "Teknologi"","block_context":{"text":"Teknologi","link":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/.\/teknologi\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Sertifikat SSL Gratis: Solusi Hemat Untuk Keamanan Situs Web Anda","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/CCSGRA.jpg?fit=1200%2C660&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/CCSGRA.jpg?fit=1200%2C660&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/CCSGRA.jpg?fit=1200%2C660&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/CCSGRA.jpg?fit=1200%2C660&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/CCSGRA.jpg?fit=1200%2C660&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2840"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2840\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2845,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2840\/revisions\/2845"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostnic.id\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}